• Apelin APJ triggers a variety

  2023-08-29

  

  Apelin/APJ triggers a variety of cellular signaling pathways (Fig. 1). Recent studies from our laboratory showed that apelin-13 induces vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation by the upregulation of Cyclin D1 expression, which is involved in an ERK-dependent activation of Jagged-1/Notch3 si

• Hsp also called FK binding protein

  2023-08-29

  

  Hsp56 (also called FK506-binding protein 52, FKBP52) is one of the steroid receptor-associated immunophilins with tetratricopeptide repeat domains, which serve as binding sites for Hsp90 (Peattie et al., 1992). Hsp56 is elevated in breast cancer compared with normal breast tissue (Ward et al., 1999)

• Tumor tissues often experience hypoxia

  2023-08-29

  

  Tumor tissues often experience hypoxia owing to accelerated growth rates of malignant cells, accumulation of metabolic products, disorganization of tumor blood vessels, and high interstitial fluid pressures (Makino et al., 2001). In response to AAD treatment, tumor vascular density often decreases t

• Studies have demonstrated that AT plays a

  2023-08-29

  

  Studies have demonstrated that AT2 plays a greater role in modulating arterial pressure in females than in males. Chronic low-dose infusion of Ang II decreased blood pressure in female rats at a dose that had negligible effects in males. Furthermore, AT2 blockade eliminates the depressor response to

• br Summary and future br Introduction Androgen

  2023-08-29

  

  Summary and future Introduction Androgen activity is critical for a wide range of developmental and physiological responses and is especially important in male sexual differentiation and maturation. The biological activity of androgens occurs through binding to the androgen receptor (AR) and t

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2023-08-29

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion The transcriptional activity of PGC-1α is regulated by a number of stimuli, exemplifying the range of settings in which mitochondrial biogenesis is induced. The mechanisms governing this regulation have been extensively studied and have been determin

• br The lipoxygenase pathway in

  2023-08-29

  

  The 12/15-lipoxygenase pathway in vascular physiology and pathology The mammalian 12- and 15-LOXs have high substrate specificity oxidizing predominantly ω−6 (arachidonic and linoleic acids) but also the ω−3 (docosahexanoic) gssg sale [86], [87], [88]. Different LOXs oxidize fatty acids both in

• Glu Gln Asp and Asn

  2023-08-29

  

  Glu, Gln, Asp, and Asn, the main Capsaicin presented in the present study, are involved in nitrogen assimilation and transport processes within the plants. Furthermore, they are used to build up reserves during periods of nitrogen availability for subsequent use in growth, defense, and reproductive

• With one exception all receptors for dopamine DA serotonin

  2023-08-29

  

  With one exception, all receptors for dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), and norepinephrine are metabotropic receptors. The five metabotropic DA receptors (D1–D5) in the CNS are involved in motivation, pleasure, cognition, learning, memory, fine motor control, and modulate neuroen

• In order to get a better understanding of this

  2023-08-28

  

  In order to get a better understanding of this synergy, we tested the effect of preliminary incubation of find protocol with non-stimulating concentrations of gonadotropins or FSK before subsequent stimulation by FSK or gonadotropins alone, also at sub-stimulating concentrations. We observed that h

• br Acknowledgments We thank the anonymous reviewers for

  2023-08-28

  

  Acknowledgments We thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on the manuscript, and also thank Dr. Hans-U. Dahms for his comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by a grant from the National Research Foundation (2009-0071218) funded to Young-Mi Lee. This work was al

• It has recently been reported that plasma

  2023-08-28

  

  It has recently been reported that plasma and synovial fluid levels of autotaxin correlate with severity of knee OA. Synovial fibroblasts isolated from OA patients express significant amounts of autotaxin mRNA, and this increase in autotaxin NS-398 receptor could lead to increased production of LPA

• Production of reactive oxygen species ROS during RSV infecti

  2023-08-28

  

  Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during RSV infection is one the important ways that neutrophils can injure the lungs [2], [24], [25]. Lipoxygenases are considered as an important source of producing ROS inside the MK 886 mg [26]. Several studies have indicated that the 12/15-LOX is a pr

• ARG I is one of the most important mammalian enzymes

  2023-08-28

  

  ARG I is one of the most important mammalian enzymes responsible for nitrogen metabolism since it comprises the main route for the elimination of excess nitrogen resulting from amino purinergic receptors and nucleotide metabolism [18]. ARG I deficiency leads to hyperargininemia, characterized by pr

• br Materials and Methods br Results br Discussion XHP

  2023-08-28

  

  Materials and Methods Results Discussion XHP is a traditional Chinese anti-cancer medicine that is widely used for the treatment and adjuvant treatment of breast cancer. XHP has been shown to induce apoptosis in various breast cancer Epirubicin HCl in vitro, including Hs578T, MCF-7, and MD

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